KINGDOM
PLANTAE
1.Bersel banyak
2.Berklorofil ® autotrof
3.Klorofil terdapat dalam plastida
4.Bersifat eukariotik
5.Memiliki dinding sel yang tersusun dari selulosa
6.Umumnya memiliki akar, batang dan daun
KLASIFIKASI
PLANTAE :
1.Divisio Bryophyta (Tumb. Lumut)
2.Divisio Pteridophyta (Tumb. Paku)
3.Divisio Spermatophyta (Tumb. Berbiji)
PENGELOMPOKAN TUMBUHAN
A.BERDASARKAN CARA PERKEMBANGBIAKAN :
1.Kormofita berspora : Bryophyta dan Pterydophyta
2.Kormofita berbiji : Spermatophyta
B.BERDASARKAN ADA TIDAKNYA JARINGAN
PENGANGKUT :
1.Atrakeofita : Bryophyta
2.Trakeofita : Pterydophyta dan Spermatophyta
1. DIVISIO BRYOPHYTA
-Merupakan tumbuhan peralihan antara thallophyta dan kormophyta
-Akar berupa rhizoid
-Batang, ada pada lumut daun
-daun masih sederhana, tipis, hanya setebal satu lapis sel
-Tidak memiliki jaringan pengangkut ( xylem dan floem )
-Habitat di tempat lembab
Pengelompokan tumbuhan lumut :
1.Hepaticeae ( Hepaticopsida ), contoh Marchantia polymorpha, biasa disebut lumut hati
2.Musci ( Bryopsida ), contoh Sphagnum
fimbriatum, biasa disebut lumut daun
Reproduksi Lumut :
-Mengalami metagenesis atau pergiliran keturunan antara fase sporofit dan fase gametofit
-Fase gametofit adalah tumbuhan lumut, menghasilkan gamet, lebih dominan dan hidupnya lebih lama
-Tumbuhan lumut sel-selnya haploid, sebab tumbuh langsung dari spora
-Fase sporofit adalah sporogonium, menghasilkan spora, hidupnya tidak lama
-Sporogonium sel-selnya diploid, sebab tumbuh dari zygot
2. TUMBUHAN PAKU
-Bersel banyak
-Merupakan tumbuhan kormus, memiliki akar, batang dan daun sejati
-Akar serabut, batang berbentuk rhizoma, daun beranekaragam
-Macam daun : tropofil, sporofil, troposporofil
-Daun muda umumnya menggulung
-Memiliki jaringan pengangkut ( xylem dan floem )
-Habitat di tempat lembab
Pengelompokan tumbuhan paku :
1.Psilophytinae
2.Lycopodinae
3.Equisetinae
4.Filicinae
Reproduksi Tumbuhan Paku
-Mengalami metagenesis atau pergiliran keturunan antara fase sporofit dan fase gametofit
-Fase gametofit adalah protalium, menghasilkan gamet, hidupnya tidak lama
-Protalium sel-selnya haploid, sebab tumbuh langsung dari spora
-Fase sporofit adalah tumbuhan paku, menghasilkan spora, dominan, hidupnya lebih lama daripada gametofit
-Tumbuhan paku sel-selnya diploid, sebab tumbuh dari zygot
3.
TUMBUHAN BERBIJI
-Merupakan tumbuhan kormus, memiliki akar, batang dan daun sejati
-Menghasilkan biji sebagai alat reproduksi generatif
-Berdasarkan letak bakal bijinya dibedakan menjadi 2 golongan :
- Gymnospermae (Tumb. Berbiji terbuka)
- Angiospermae (Tumb. Berbiji tertutup)
Angiospermae :
Dibedakan menjadi 2 kelompok :
1.Monocotyledonae, yaitu tumbuhan yang
mempunyai keping biji tunggal. Contohnya kelapa (Cocos nucifera), melinjo
(Gnetum gnemon).
2.Dicotyledonae, yaitu tumbuhan yang
mempunyai keping biji dua. Contohnya petai (Parkia speciosa), cabe rawit
(Capsicum frustescens).
Angiosperms are flowering plants.
The term angiosperm comes
from Greek: angeion meaning vessel and
sperma meaning seed
Angiosperms are flowering plants.
The term angiosperm comes
from Greek: angeion meaning vessel and
sperma meaning seed
Angiosperms
make up the dominant form
of plant life.
They
serve as the main food source for
humans and other mammals.
Also,
many of the raw materials and
natural products that we use today come
from
angiosperms.
Parts
of flowering plants
- The
main axis of the flower is called the peduncle.
- The
individual stalk of the flower is the pedicel.
- The
receptacle is the portion of the plant where all the
flower parts attach.
The
parts of the flower
- The
flower consists of four main parts in a series of whorls.
-The
first part is the sepal and it is usually green. Calyx is the collective term for sepals.
-The
second part is the petal, the colorful part of the flower. Corolla is the collective term for petals.
More
flower parts
nThe
third part of the flower is the stamen or the male portion of the plant. The stamen contains the anther, which
produces pollen grains, and the filament, which supports the anther.
nThe
fourth part of the flower is the pistil or the female portion of the plant.
The
pistil
nThe
pistil is made up of the:
nStigma,
the upper portion which receives pollen.
nStyle
which serves as the pathway for the pollen tube.
nOvary
which produces ovules that will later turn into
seeds. The ovary will eventually become fruit.
The entire stalk of flowers is called the inflorescence.
A flower can be staminate, meaning that it
has only stamens present.
A flower can be pistillate, meaning that only the pistil
is present.
Categories
of flowers
-Complete
flowers contain sepal, petal,
stamen, and pistil.
-Incomplete
flowers lack one or more of the four
organs.
-Perfect
flowers contain stamens and pistils on the
same flower.
Categories
continued
nImperfect
flowers have stamens and pistils on
separate flowers.
nDioecious meaning staminate and pistillate
flowers are on separate
plants.
nMonoecious have staminate and pistillate flowers
on the same plant.










